And that observation related to how much fat was used for energy. Malin told Medical News Today: “A key finding was that individuals with later chronotype were indeed less able to respond to insulin by promoting glucose uptake towards storage. Insulin resistance indicates a greater risk of type 2 diabetes.ĭr. Night owls tended to be more insulin resistant, meaning they required more insulin to lower blood glucose levels, and they tended to use carbohydrates as an energy source rather than fat. They were also more insulin sensitive - their cells used glucose more effectively, reducing blood sugar. However, they did find differences in how energy sources were used by those with early and late chronotypes.Įarly birds used more fat for energy than night owls. The researchers noted no significant differences in age, body mass, or metabolic syndrome between the groups. ![]() Malin, lead author, associate professor of kinesiology and health at Rutgers University, NJ ![]() “Measuring metabolism during rest and exercise allowed us to see how changes in movement throughout the day could impact or relate to health.” They then took breath samples to calculate their fat and carbohydrate metabolism at rest and when exercising. Researchers compared this data with the chronotype from the questionnaire to determine whether chronotype was influencing activity patterns during the day.Īfter making them fast for 12 hours, researchers tested participants at rest and during exercise to assess what they were metabolizing to provide energy. Participants wore an accelerometer on the right hip, during the day, for 7 days to record what times of day they were most active. Using imaging techniques, researchers assessed the participants’ body mass and body composition. This may increase their risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease.Ī team of researchers from Rutgers University, NJ, and the University of Virginia, VA, divided a group of 51 adults into early or late chronotypes based on their answers to a questionnaire.Īll participants were non-smokers, free of cardiovascular disease, cancers, and metabolic diseases, and were sedentary, exercising less than 60 minutes a week. Now, a study published in Experimental Physiology has found that our sleep/wake cycles are associated with our body’s metabolism, with night owls having a reduced ability to use fat for energy. Research studies have suggested that chronotype, and particularly chrononutrition -what times of day we eat - may indeed affect health, but the findings are not yet conclusive. But can our chronotype affect not only our functioning, but also our health? Some of us leap out of bed eager to get on with the day for others, emerging from under the covers is left until the last possible minute-often because we have been awake until the small hours.Īnd most of us know that we either function better in the morning or the afternoon and adapt our working schedules to suit our ‘early bird’ or ‘night owl’ tendencies. Now, a study has found that ‘night owls’ may have a greater risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease than early birds.Recently, research has suggested that chronotype may have an impact on health.‘Early birds’ get up promptly and are active in the morning, while ‘night owls’ take longer to get going in the day, but like to stay up late.Chronotype describes what time of day people tend to be more active.Share on Pinterest Being a night owl may have negative effects on people’s risk of developing certain diseases.
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